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| Casket First Sod Thames Waikato Railway photo courtesy family member
Thinking about Heritage Week 2014 coming up and
driving into the Pak n Save Supermarket at Thames, the Thames Railway first sod turned caught my attention. Railways back in 1878 were an important part of
the past NZ history railway survey and construction.
Of course there was no supermarket there back then and newpapers of the day reported the occasion of the first sod ceremony to be in a spot between Shortland and Grahamstown. (Oamaru Mail 23/12/1878). In those days on the Goldfields there were several settlements - Shortland, Grahamstown and Tararu - known today as Thames.
In fact there were two "First Sod turning"
ceremonies. The first at the Thames end of what was to be the Thames Waikato
Railway on 21 December 1878 and the second at the Waikato or Hamilton end
on 2 May 1879. (New Zealand Herald 02/05/1879) This ceremony was said to have been held in rain in a paddock on Mr.
Claude's farm. Mr Claude was Francis Richard Claude - an early settler of
Hamilton.
This "first sod turning" got me thinking
about more early New Zealand history. For 2014 apart from being another Thames
heritage Week, is also a jubilee year for Hamilton. 150 years
ago in 1864 the first official European settlers landed from the s.s
Rangiriri on the west bank of the Waikato River at Kirikiriroa.
 held at Parana Park, Hamilton to mark restoration Photo CRB
The relevance of s.s. Rangiriri to Thames
Railway is that the first District Engineer of the Public Works Department,
overseeing Thames Waikato Railway construction just after first sod turning by
George Grey - James Stewart C.E. - was also the designer of s.s. Rangiriri and
her sister ship s.s. Koheroa.
Panel about s.s. Rangiriri by restored vessel
Photo
by CRB 2010
Stewart amongst seventeen papers, written and read to
the Auckland Branch New Zealand Institute over 45 years, also wrote one :
- On the Comparative Performances of certain River Steamers, on the Waikato. (Rangiriri
with Bluenose).
James Stewart 1832 - 1914
Stewart and Daniel Manders Beere C.E. (also on the
Thames Railway first permanent way survey and first construction) were no
strangers to railway survey and construction. When they were appointed to
Thames Railway work, both were also on Auckland - Te Awamutu Railway
construction, opened 1 July 1880 (Waikato Times 03/07/1880)
Stewart, C.E. in capacity as District Engineer, Provincial and Beere,C. E. as Resident Engineer Hamilton - Te Awamutu Section. Joining them was Ashley John Barsby Hunter C.E who was put in charge of overseeing the Hamilton Railway Bridge construction. Hunter was to write a paper which was read to the Auckland Branch of the New Zealand Institute in 1883 on observations made during the sinking of the cylinders for the bridge: - Direct Evidence of a Change in the Elevation of the Waikato District. 
Hamilton
Railway Bridge
Courtesy
'Sir George Grey Special Collections, Auckland Libraries, 4-3686'
Hunter in addition to being a Civil Engineer, joining Stewart in a partnership in late 1881 and was also an accomplished cartoonist. Many of his cartoons are now in collections of the Alexander Turnbull Library, National Library of New Zealand.
Prior to coming to New Zealand Daniel Manders Beere C.E had completed his cadetship in with engineering with his uncle, William Armstrong. Armstrong formed a company Armstrong & Beere in 1855, two years later joined by Hime. The three were interested in photography and today in 2014 some of the earliest photos of Toronto City, taken by these three civil engineers , now in Toronto City Archives give a good portrayal of what the city looked like in the earliest days.
Beere moved to New Zealand in 1863 and while
working for the Auckland Provincial Government and later the Public Works
Department, continued photography. Again a portrayal of what the country looked
like in those early years of European settlement. Today in 2014 National Library of New Zealand has a
number of these in their collections.
Both Stewart and Beere were also no strangers
to Thames or the Waikato. Stewart had overseen the construction of Bean
Rock and Ponui Passage light houses - both of which aided navigation to and
from the Thames Goldfields. In capacity as Inspector of Steamers, Marine
Department 1866 - 1872 (when Drury railway work was halted) he passed those
" new-fangled steamers" for sea worthiness that were a big part of
sea traffic to and from Thames goldfields. Steamers like railway first sod
turning also saw special launching ceremonies. The Kuranui Boiler Accident at Thames
in 1874 saw Nancarrow, Stewart and O'Neill appointed to a Royal Commission to
enquire into the event and machinery and boilers generally (the report led
to a first piece of legislation in New Zealand-The Machinery Act
1874).
Kuranui Battery Site
Photo 2010 CRB
Daniel Manders Beere was appointed Goldfields
Surveyor (Auckland Provincial Gazette, 1868) and carried out survey work on the
newly opened Thames Goldfield. Beere also drew maps of the Thames Goldfields -
one for the Thames Miners Guide 1868. The Beere
family were active in Thames community activities.
 It was twenty years after the turning of the sod in 1878 that the Thames Waikato railway was finally completed. This railway went by a number of names – Auckland Thames railway, Frankton Thames railway. The report of the Railway Commission in 1880 also evidenced a number of names for this railway judging from the various deputations presenting their case for a railway. In hindsight these would have been the sections of the railway eg Grahamstown – Te Aroha, Paeroa – Te Aroha, Hikutaia – Kopu. During the twenty years, this railway construction also saw a number of District Engineers.
Following
the retirement of James Stewart from the Public Works Department in 1881 William
Henry Hales became District Engineer. The Cyclopaedia New Zealand, Wellington Province wrote: -
“In 1881 he went to Auckland as district engineer
and remained for ten years. When Mr. Blair, the late Engineer-in-Chief was
taken ill, in 1891. Mr. Hales was recalled from Auckland, placed in charge and
appointed acting engineer-in-chief. A year after he became Engineer-in-Chief,
and some six or eight months later still he was appointed Marine Engineer for
the Colony.”
William
Henry Hales 1830 - 1909
In The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Wellington Provincial District] The Cyclopedia Company, Limited, 1897, Wellington courtesy of NZETC
During Hales tenure as District Engineer, the
Hamilton railway bridge opened on 4 February 1884. The Waikato Times reported:
-
“The engine, one of the six wheel or F class,
arrived from Auckland about 2.30 p.m under engagement to the contractors, Messrs
Mullinger and Brett, having on board the District Manager of the Auckland
railways. On arrival at the Hamilton station the Resident Engineer, Mr D. M.
Beere, and the contractors got on the engine. Several trucks were attached, and
in these a number of people disposed themselves, hoping to share the honour of
being among the first to cross the bridge in the first train.” (Waikato Times 05/02/1884)
A photo was taken of the Hamilton railway bridge in 1884
Upon Hales moving to Wellington in 1891, the
replacement District Engineer appointed was Charles Ranken Vickerman. Vickerman
had been assistant District Engineer to James Stewart from 1877 and was
involved in survey of the Rangiriri – Te Awamutu section of what became the
Main Trunk Line.
The Cyclopaedia New Zealand, Auckland Province
wrote on Vickerman’s role following Hales.: -
Vickerman
was in capacity as District Engineer see survey begin on the Paeroa Waihi
Railway and construction begin in 1900 with the Karangahake railway tunnel one
of this railway’s first projects. Vickerman also saw the Thames Waikato railway
finally completed and opened on 19 December 1898.
The opening
was a large occasion with hundreds taking part, including a number who had been
present at the first sod turned twenty years before. The New Zealand Herald
reported the names of these : -
“The following gentlemen from Auckland who were
present at the turning of the first sod of the railway were also present: Hon.
W. McCullough, Major Murray, Messrs. W. .T. Speight, F. E. Baume, W.Blomfield,
R. Farrell, S. C. Macky, John Brown, T. Browne, James Brown, P. C. Chen], 0.
Humphreys. W. Frater, J. M. Mennie, J. Thompson, W. J. Napier, W. Wilkinson, M.
Casey, J. Scott. P. Brophy, J. McCabe, A. Myers, J. Leydon, H. Murdoch, Weir,
Smart, and R. McDonald Scott." ( New Zealand Herald, 20 /12/1898.)
Present were the HON. A.J. Cadman, Minister of Railways, who had also been present at the first sod turning and a proponent of railways since Drury railway days. Also there was Thames Mayor Elect Henry James Greenslade.
Two days later at his
installation as Mayor, Greenslade was presented with a casket containing a
piece of the first sod turned for Thames Waikato railway twenty years before. (Thames Star, 21/12/ 1898) 
Casket First Sod Thames Waikato Railway
Photo courtesy family member
The first sod - a relevant part of the past in Thames Waikato railway history. A footnote to this was that in 1885, the kauri wheel barrow used for the first sod turning at Thames in 1878 was also used for the first sod turning of the North Island Trunk at Punui. Hales, Stewart and Beere were present – a photograph taken by Beere is a record of the occasion – in National Library of New Zealand.
Reference Source:
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Sunday, 23 March 2014
Thames Waikato Railway - The first sod turned and more
Wednesday, 19 February 2014
Whangamata “Kiwi “ Bach Heritage
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| Miss Williamson's Bach |
Tucked behind sand dunes close to Williamson Park, Whangamata in 2009 nestled an iconic Kiwi Bach - one of a few remaining in this growing beach resort.
Part of Whangamata’s history, this bach offers some of those special memories that many of us have of holidays by the beach. Those lazy days when baches were simple in amenities and large
on opportunity to roam the beach or to just sleep and relax with a good book in a sunny corner.
This bach was referred to as "Miss Williamson’s Bach," its owner being Beverley, daughter of Philip and Madeline Williamson, an early Whangamata family Built in about 1934, it began life as one of the first two “ beach cottages” on Philip Williamson’s first beach frontage subdivision. At a cost of approximately £150 each, when Mr. H Mason had completed building, these two baches saw early years being let out during summer months to holidaymakers. For many years both were the only buildings in this area of the beach. Beverley Williamson was to write in 1981 -
“ Now all that remains in the Williamson name of the original property of nearly 1000 acres, is my ¼ acre section at the beach”. ( Williamson, 1981)
Looking towards Whangamata peninsula from the bach in 2009 ASB photo collection
There were a few minor alterations and additions to the Williamson bach over the years but the structure and atmosphere remained essentially the same. Beverley Williamson continued to come to the bach for holidays.
My own memories are visits to the Bach when Beverley was down. The walk along the beach and up the sand dune track to the Bach. Time spent over a welcome cup of tea with friends. The reminiscing about recent tramping trips, overseas tours, Whangamata happenings and planned tramps on local tramping tracks ( one of her favourite holiday activities ).
There were long discussions as friends together planned production and publication of a book on Whangamata History. These bought forth Beverley memories of regular family picnics at the beach (including the bach) , armed with bottles of kerosene to combat sandflies.
Beverley Williamson died in 2008. Some of those special memories of Whangamata history live on. Williamson Park donated by Philip Williamson and nine hole Williamson Golf Course not far from the bach, continue to provide residents and holidaymakers alike, with some of them. Some Whangamata’s history also lives on in Beverley’s published book “ Whangamata – 100 Years of Change” and in articles she wrote for the Ohinemuri Regional History Journal.
Williamson Park Gates
Photo by J M Stewart 1970
Photo by J M Stewart 1970
However as others found Whangamata and Philip’s subdivision sold steadily, other baches appeared. In other's subdivisions other baches began to fill vacant sections. Those early baches tended to be made from varied materials - wooden and in the main fibrolite and corrugated iron roof.
Typical Old Bach in Hunt Road - burnt down in early 2000's
as part of controlled burn practice by Fire Brigade
Photo by CRB
Electric Power did not come to Whangamata until 1955 so many of the houses and baches of the 1950's era relied on candles, " tilley " lanterns or kerosene lanterns for lighting and primus for cooking. More elaborate cooking facilities were a cooking range.
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| A view of the inside of the old bach, Hunt Road - before it was demolished- Photo by CRB |
My memories in the 1960's of several baches at Otahu Estuary were a collection on the other side of the estuary nestled amidst flowering hydrangeas. Several of those baches had originally been homes of early Whangamata residents.
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| Looking across the Otahu Estuary to the baches on the other side - Photo J M Stewart 1970 |
The early 1950's saw a further block of what was originally Maori Land, opened up for beach sections on the area between Whenuakura ( Clark ) Island and the Otahu Estuary. Again those early baches followed the fibrolite and corrugated iron look, typical of what North Island New Zealanders called the holiday home. ( Down in the South Island a holiday home was called a crib.
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| One of first baches built on Otahu Block 1960's - Photo by H M Stewart |
June 1859 marked the date that Whangamata officially became a County Town. The bach continued to be built amid pine trees and long grass on sections. Owners were encouraged to keep the grass short to avoid fire risk. My memories of our first family bach in Port Road - the main street of Whangamata - were of a very basic affair - one room - drop down table, two bunks and a camp stretcher.
There were also a number of early baches around the Beach Road, Mako Road and Hetherington Road area.
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| Bach in Beach Road - Photo by CRB 2009 |
Early 1990's Whangamata changed rapidly from a farming/ fishing settlement that it was in the 1900's to a Beach Resort of more substantial holiday homes. ( some still termed " baches"
by their owners) The next several decades have seen baches " on the move" or demolished. One of the first of these was " The Mayfair Apartments", moved to a new location in main street to make way for a block of shops.
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| Mayfair Flats on Removal Truck being transported to new location- Photo by CRB November 1993 |
Old baches were moved to other places to make way for new look holiday homes.
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| Bach in Port Road on removal truck - Photo by CRB |
Some found a new location in Whangamata and were lovingly restored by new owners.
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| Bach in Harbourview Road on removal truck On the way to new location - Lawton Photo |
Yes those early baches certainly provided holiday memories for families holidaying at Whangamata - "Kiwi" Bach Heritage that is a Part of the Past NZ History - a way of life that is iconic.
The new style holiday homes continue the holiday traditions at Whangamata, on which family stories are woven into the future.
References Sources
1. Ball, E.A. (nee Stewart). "This and That" Stories of People
and a Growing Town, Whangamata. 2001 cd and pdf update 2005. Also on National Digital Heritage Archive, National Library NZ
http://ndhadeliver.natlib.govt.nz/delivery/DeliveryManagerServlet?dps_pid=IE753323&dps_custom_att_1=ilsdb2.2. Williamson, Beverley M, Whangamata -100 Years of Change, Goldfields Print Ltd, 1988
3. Williamson, Beverley, Philip and Madeline Williamson of Whangamata, 1981
4. Ohinemuri Regional History Journal
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